Wars in Iran and Ukraine deepen global oil shortage as refining deficit hits 6.5 million barrels a day
Escalating Iran and Ukraine conflicts are damaging refining assets and disrupting key chokepoints (Hormuz, Red Sea, Black Sea), creating a cited global refining deficit of ~6.5 mb/d and constraining product exports. With Saudi rerouting via Suez/SUMED and limited near-term spare refining capacity, the news tightens perceived supply security and elevates near-term energy price risk, with potential second-order inflation pressure across imports-dependent economies.
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Wars involving Iran and Ukraine have intensified pressure on global oil supplies after Russian refineries were bombed and exports through the Strait of Hormuz and the Black Sea were disrupted. The global refining deficit has reached 6.5 million barrels a day, including damaged capacity and products that cannot leave key waterways. More than 1.2 million barrels per day of refining capacity in the Middle East is offline due to physical damage. Saudi Arabia has shifted exports to routes via the Suez Canal and Egypt’s SUMED pipeline for 5 million barrels a day, while Brazil’s Petrobras reported a 14% year-on-year output increase and is running refineries at full capacity, adding to upward pressure on international crude prices.