Bitwise Europe model pegs Bitcoin fair value at $224K as May swings hit $83K and $72K

Bitwise Europe says bitcoin is trading about $150,000 below a model-implied fair value of roughly $224,000, while May price action saw a move to $83,000 before sliding back to $72,000. The report links the reversal to $1.031 billion in global Bitcoin ETP outflows in the month's second half and highlights long-term holders at a record ~14.85M BTC (74.3% of supply), with $78,000–$85,000 framed as a key control zone.